Multiplexing
- Physical links/switches must be shared among users
- (synchronous) Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM)
- Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM)
Statistical Multiplexing
- On-demand time-division, possibly synchronous (ATM)
- Schedule link on a per-packet basis
- Buffer packets in switches that are contending for the link
- Packets from different sources interleaved on link
- An application needs to break-up its message in packets and re-assemble at the receiver
- Fair allocation of link capacity: FIFO, round-robin or QoS
- If congestion occurs at a switch - buffer may overflow, packets may be lost
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