Complete working of the hub
·
A Hub is a
networking device which receives a signal from the source amplifies it and send
it to multiple destinations or computers.
·
A hub work at the physical layer.
·
It works in a half-duplex
(one way) communication mode, and there is always a chance of data collision in
a half-duplex mode of communication.
·
It does not understand
any data format sees the data in the form an electrical signal.
·
It broadcasts (sends to
all) every data it receives to every connected PC/node in the network on every
single time. In other words, Hub cannot unicast the data.
Complete working of switch:
·
A network switch is a computer networking device that connects devices together
on a computer network, by using packet switching to receive, process and
forward data to the destination device.
·
Switches
operate in a full-duplex mode where devices can send and receive data from the
switch at the simultaneously unlike in half-duplex mode
·
Switch
transfers the data only to that port which is connected to the destination
device.
Complete working of the router:
·
A router (including a
wireless router) is a specialized networking device connected to two or more
networks running software that allows the router to move data from one network
to another.
·
A router is a networking device that forwards data
packets between computer networks.
·
Router functions in an
Internet protocol-based networks operate at the network layer.
Complete working of gateway:
· Gateway is a device used to connect multiple networks and passes packets from one packet to another network. Acting as the ‘gateway’ between different networking systems or
computer programs, a gateway is a device which forms a link between them.
·
A gateway is a network
node connecting two networks that use different protocols.
·
Gateways regulate traffic
between two dissimilar networks, while routers regulate traffic between similar
networks
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